Leighton mills



L. MILLS.

(No Model.)

SPANNER.

Patented Feb. 11, 1896.

ANDREW EGRAHAM. PHGTO-LITHD WASNIN 6101M) c NITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

LEIGHTON MILLS, OF PLYMOUTH, ENGLAND.

SPANN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,522, dated February 11, 1896. Application filed December 19, 1894. Serial No- 532,342. (No model.) Patented in England November 17, 1892, No. 20,845.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LEIGHTON MILLS, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Plymouth, in the county of Devon, England, have invented Improvements in Spanners, (for which Ihave obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 20,845, bearing date November 17, 1892,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to improved constructions and arrangement of spanners of the kind known as shifting spanners, in which one of the jaws is made movable in relation to the other in order to render the spanner applicable to nuts and the like of various sizes.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are elevations at right angles to each other, showing one construction of shifting spanner according to this invention. Figs. 3 and 4 are corresponding views to Figs. 1 and 2, respectively, showing a modified construction of such spanner. Fig. 5 is a similar View to Fig. 1, showing a further modified construction.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, A is the movable jaw, and B the fixed jaw, which is made integral with the shank or handle 0, the two jaws being made adjustable relatively to each other by means of a screw-bolt D screwed into both of them. The jaw B is provided with an extension B of less thickness than the jaw B, and which is arranged to fit between two parallel extensions A of the jaw A after the manner of a sliding tongue-and-groove joint. In the construction shown in Figs. 3 and a the jaw A is formed with a single extension A of dovetail form in cross-section, arranged to slide in a correspondingly-shaped groove B formed between the jaw B and its extension B. The surfaces at A and B on the jaws A and B in each case serve as abutments, against which the extensions B and A of the jaws B and A respectively bear. The arrangement in each construction issuch that when the jaws A and Bhave been tightened upon a nut by means of the bolt D and it is endeavored to rotate the nut by means of the handle 0, the extensions A and B are thereby caused to bear against the abutments B and A respectively, of the jaws B and A,

so that the said jaws may be considered as a pair of bent levers the fulcra of which are formed by the bolt B, and to which the forces are applied at the points of contact of the extensions A and B with the said abutments.

The bolt D may be applied in any way which will enable it to constitute the fulcra of the levers formed by the jaws. In Figs. 1 and 3 it is shown as being provided with right and left handed screw-threads, one of which screws into the jaw A and the other into the jaw B. The thread engaging in the latter jaw is preferably made of finer pitch than the other, in order that in the case of the construction shown in Fig. 1 the milled disk D, by which the screw D is rotated, may for most purposes be kept under the protection of a projection B and that in the case of the construction shown in Fig. 3 the depth of a cavity E in the jaw B, in which the milled head D of the screw is adapted to rotate, may be made comparatively small.

The bolt D may be fixed to one of the jaws, say B, and carry a nut D adapted to rotate in a cavity E in the other jaw, as shown in Fig. 5, so that by rotating the nut the jaw A p can be caused to move toward or away from the jaw B according to the direction in which the nut is turned.

In the construction shown in Fig. 1 a pin F, fixed in the shank 0, serves to counteract any tendency of the jaw A to turn about the screw toward the jaw B, and also in conjunction with a projection A on one or each of the extensions A to prevent the jaw A from being screwed off the bolt D. In the construction shown in Figs. 3 and i the shank C and the extension A may for the latter purpose be similarly provided with a pin and a projection, respectively.

It is obvious that in either of the constructions shown the handle 0 may be attached to the jaw A instead of the jaw B.

WVhat I claim is- 1. A shifting spanner comprising two jaws, each of which is provided with an extension, and an adjusting device which is situated between the working faces of the said jaws and the said extensions, the said jaws with their extensions, being adapted to act as two bent levers the fulcra of which are constituted by the said adjusting device, substantially as herein described.

2. A shifting spanner having two jaws arranged to slide toward and from each other and each provided with an extension adapted to bear against the opposite jaw, and an adjusting device arranged between the working faces of the jaws and the extensions thereof and whereby the jaws are moved relatively to each other substantially as herein described.

3. A shifting spanner comprising a handle with fixed jaws and a jaw extension, a movable jaw with an extension or extensions fitted to slide 011 said fixed jaw and jaw extension so that the extension or extensions on each jaw will work against the opposite jaw and an adjusting-bolt between the said extensions and the working faces of the said jaws, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

a. A shifting spanner comprising a handle with fixed jaw, a jaw movable relatively to the said fixed jaw, an abutment and an extension on each of the said jaws, an adjusting-bolt provided with right and left handed screw-threads arranged to work in correspomlingly screw-threaded holes in the two jaws and one of which is of finer pitch than the other, a collar or rim 011 said bolt, whereby the latter can be easily turned, and a projection carried by one of said jaws and adapted to protect said collar or rim substantially as herein described.

5. A shifting spanner comprising two j c ws, an extension on one of the jaws, two extensions on the other jaw between which extensions the first-n1entioned extension fits, and an adjusting device between the said extensions and the working faces of the said jaws, the said two jaws with the said extensions being adapted to act as two bent levers the fulcra of which are constituted by the said adjusting device, substantially as herein described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEIGIITON MILLS. \Vitnesses:

HENRY CAsToN, PERCIVAL BEARD COCKRAM. 

